Vienna: Empire, Dynasty and Dream

Episode one begins over 900 years ago, with a Swiss German family, named after their castle - Schloss Habsburg. A family that emerged from bloody dynastic wars and religious conflict to become a central power in Europe. Choosing diplomacy over the battlefield, Emperor Maximilian I brokered some of the biggest dynastic matches in European history and created an empire that included South America, Spain, Italy and much of Central Europe.

From Maximilian onwards, the history of the Habsburgs became the history of Europe. The dynasty formed Europe's front line in the struggle to defend Christendom from the Ottoman Islamic advance, and the Catholic Church from the Protestant revolutionaries who plotted to destroy it.

As the Ottoman threat receded, this second episode describes how Vienna's cultural life grew hand in hand with its military and diplomatic victories.

Vienna at this time became a magnet for musicians including Mozart, Haydn and Beethoven. The spoils of war also saw the construction of great palaces like Schonbrunn, home to the Habsburg's first female ruler Maria Theresa - the mother of Marie Antoinette.

It was this French Queen's execution that spawned revolution in France, Napoleon's occupation of Vienna and the near-humiliation of the city's imperial dynasty. But the Habsburgs were survivors. After Napoleon's defeat, they reinvented both themselves and their right to rule in an attempt to keep their troubled and fragile empire together.

In the final episode, Simon Sebag Montefiore follows the Habsburgs to their dramatic demise. From his struggles with Napoleon III and Bismarck and the suicide of his son Rudolf, to the assassination of his beautiful wife Sisi, Emperor Franz Josef's empire and his family proved impossible to control. But while the Habsburgs headed for extinction, Vienna blossomed. As the theories of Freud and the sensuality of the secession artists like Klimt and Schiele ushered in the modern age, Hitler and Stalin stalked her streets. It was here that World War I was sparked; it was here World War II was dreamed.